= Transition from Java EE to Jakarta EE

Keycloak migrated its codebase from Java EE (Enterprise Edition) to its successor Jakarta EE, which brings various changes into Keycloak.

We have upgraded all Jakarta EE specifications in order to support Jakarta EE 10, such as:

* Jakarta Persistence 3.1
* Jakarta RESTful Web Services 3.1
* Jakarta Mail API 2.1
* Jakarta Servlet 6.0
* Jakarta Activation 2.1

Jakarta EE 10 provides a modernized, simplified, lightweight approach to building cloud-native Java applications.
The main changes provided within this initiative are changing the namespace from `+javax.*+` to `+jakarta.*+`.
It does not apply for `+javax.*+` packages provided directly in the JDK, such as `javax.security`, `javax.net`, `javax.crypto`, etc.

You can be affected by these changes in your custom extensions, providers or JPA entities.

= Upgrade to Quarkus 3

Keycloak upgraded to version 3 of the Quarkus Java framework.
Quarkus 3 continues the tradition of propelling Java development by moving fast and providing a cutting-edge user experience with the latest technologies.
It continues to improve overall performance and efficiency.

Quarkus 3 is based on Jakarta EE 10, the same as Keycloak, creating smooth interoperability between them.
In addition, it contains Eclipse MicroProfile 6, which aligns with Jakarta EE 10 Core Profile.
The central part of the Quarkus 3 upgrade is built-in support for JPA 3.1 and Hibernate ORM 6.

== `quarkus.hibernate-orm.*` properties no longer working

For Quarkus 3, Hibernate ORM configurations must be specified in either the `persistence.xml` file or in Quarkus properties, but not in both places.
Keycloak uses a `persistence.xml` file, therefore, it is no longer possible to override Keycloak's JPA store configurations via Quarkus`' configuration properties for the default persistence unit whose names start with `quarkus.hibernate-orm`.

= Upgrade to Hibernate ORM 6

Keycloak now benefits from the upgrade to Hibernate ORM 6.2, which includes improved performance, better SQL, modern JDK support, and support for modern RDBMS features.
The performance improvements primarily affect JDBC, HQL Translation, and Criteria Translation.

If you have custom providers or JPA entities, these changes may affect you.

We recommend reviewing the link:https://github.com/quarkusio/quarkus/wiki/Migration-Guide-3.0:-Hibernate-ORM-5-to-6-migration[Quarkus migration guide] or the link:https://hibernate.org/orm/releases/[Hibernate release notes] for more information.

= Legacy Promise API removed from Keycloak JS adapter

The legacy Promise API methods have been removed from the Keycloak JS adapter. This means that calling `.success()` and `.error()` on promises returned from the adapter is no longer possible. Instead standardized Promise methods such as https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/then[`.then()`] and https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/catch[`.catch()`] should be used.

[source, javascript]
.Before migration:
----
const keycloak = new Keycloak();

keycloak.init()
  .success(function(authenticated) {
    alert(authenticated ? 'authenticated' : 'not authenticated');
  }).error(function() {
    alert('failed to initialize');
  });
----

[source,javascript]
.After migration:
----
const keycloak = new Keycloak();

keycloak.init()
  .then(function(authenticated) {
    alert(authenticated ? 'authenticated' : 'not authenticated');
  }).catch(function() {
    alert('failed to initialize');
  });
----


[source,javascript]
.Or alternatively, when using the https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/await[`await`] keyword to unwrap these promises:
----
const keycloak = new Keycloak();

try {
  const authenticated = await keycloak.init();
  alert(authenticated ? 'authenticated' : 'not authenticated');
} catch (error) {
  alert('failed to initialize');
}
----

= Export and Import perform an automatic build

In previous releases, the `export` and `import` commands required a `build` command to be run first.
Starting with this release, the `export` and `import` commands perform an automatic rebuild of Keycloak if a build time configuration has changed.

When migrating existing scripts that run a `build` command first, migrate by adding the `--optimized` command line option to the `export` and `import` command to avoid Keycloak automatically re-building the image.
Not adding the `--optimized` option in this might make Keycloak trigger a rebuild and revert to the default values, and then connecting to the database for export and import will not work.

The following examples assume that runtime parameters like a database password are provided via a configuration file or an environment variable.

.Before migration: Running the build command before running the export command
[source,bash]
----
bin/kc.[sh|bat] build --db=postgres ...
bin/kc.[sh|bat] export --dir <dir>
----

.After migration: Adding `--optimized` to the export command
[source,bash,subs="+quotes"]
----
bin/kc.[sh|bat] build --db=postgres ...
bin/kc.[sh|bat] export ##--optimized## --dir <dir>
----

.After migration: Leveraging the auto-build functionality
[source,bash]
----
bin/kc.[sh|bat] export --dir <dir> --db=postgres ...
----

NOTE:: When the auto-build runs, the build time options will be in effect for all subsequent commands that are started with the `--optimized` flag, including the `start` command.

In previous releases the `export` and `import` commands allowed runtime parameters such as a database URL only in configuration files or environment variables.
Starting with this release, those runtime parameters are now available on the command line as well.
Use the `--help` option to find out about the supported parameters.

= Renamed Keycloak Admin client artifacts

After the upgrade to Jakarta EE, artifacts for Keycloak Admin clients were renamed to more descriptive names with consideration for long-term maintainability.
We still provide two separate Keycloak Admin clients, one with Jakarta EE and the other with Java EE support.

We stopped releasing the `org.keycloak:keycloak-admin-client-jakarta` artifact.
The default one for the Keycloak Admin client with Jakarta EE support is `org.keycloak:keycloak-admin-client` (since version 22.0.0).

We will continue to release the Keycloak Admin client with Java EE support for some time, but we recommend that you migrate to Jakarta EE as soon as possible.
The new artifact with Java EE support is `org.keycloak:keycloak-admin-client-jee`.

=== Jakarta EE support
[source,xml]
.Before migration:
----
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
    <artifactId>keycloak-admin-client-jakarta</artifactId>
    <version>21.0.0</version>
</dependency>
----

[source,xml]
.After migration:
----
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
    <artifactId>keycloak-admin-client</artifactId>
    <version>22.0.0</version>
</dependency>
----

=== Java EE support _(only temporary support)_
[source,xml]
.Before migration:
----
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
    <artifactId>keycloak-admin-client</artifactId>
    <version>21.0.0</version>
</dependency>
----

[source,xml]
.After migration:
----
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
    <artifactId>keycloak-admin-client-jee</artifactId>
    <version>22.0.0</version>
</dependency>
----

= Passthrough proxy mode changes

Keycloak's proxy configuration setting for mode *passthrough* no longer parses HTTP forwarding headers in the request, as when a proxy forwards an HTTPS connection in passthrough mode, a proxy is unable to add, remove or update HTTP headers.

Installations that want the HTTP headers in the client's request to be parsed should use the **edge** or **reencrypt** setting.

See https://www.keycloak.org/server/reverseproxy[Using a reverse proxy] for details.

= Consistent fallback message resolving for all themes

This change only may affect you when you are using realm localization messages.

Up to this version, the resolving of fallback messages was inconsistent across themes, when realm localization messages were used. More information can be found in the following https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/issues/15845[issue].

The implementation has now been unified for all themes. In general, the message for the most specific matching language tag has the highest priority. If there are both a realm localization message and a Theme 18n message, the realm localization message has the higher priority. Summarized, the priority of the messages is as follows  (RL = realm localization, T = Theme i18n files): `RL <variant> > T <variant> > RL <region> > T <region> > RL <language> > T <language> > RL en > T en`.

Probably this can be better explained with an example: When the variant `de-CH-1996` is requested and there is a realm localization message for the variant, this message will be used. If such a realm localization message does not exist, the Theme i18n files are searched for a corresponding message for that variant. If such a message does not exist, a realm localization message for the region (`de-CH`) will be searched. If such a realm localization message does not exist, the Theme i18n files are searched for a message for that region. If still no message is found, a realm localization message for the language (`de`) will be searched. If there is no matching realm localization message, the Theme i18n files are be searched for a message for that language. As last fallback, the English (`en`) translation is used: First, an English realm localization will be searched - if not found, the Theme 18n files are searched for an English message.

= LDAPStorageProvider search changes

Starting with this release Keycloak uses a pagination mechanism when querying federated LDAP database.
Searching for users should be consistent with search in local database.

= Deprecation of Keycloak OpenID Connect Adapters

Starting with this release, we no longer will invest our time on the following Keycloak OpenID Connect Adapters:

* Keycloak Wildfly OpenID Connect Adapter
* Keycloak JEE Servlet OpenID Connect Adapter
* Keycloak Spring Boot and Spring Security OpenID Connect Adapter

This move is already reflected in our documentation and in our quickstart repository. Please, consider looking at the following
references for more information:

* link:https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-quickstarts[Keycloak Quickstart GitHub Repository]
* link:https://www.keycloak.org/docs/latest/securing_apps/[Keycloak Securing Applications Documentation]

We recommend starting to look into moving your applications to the alternatives from the references above. Those adapters should not be available anymore in future releases.

= Deprecation of Keycloak JEE SAML Adapter

The Keycloak JEE SAML Adapter has been discontinued, and we will no longer invest our time on its development following this release.

The official adapter is now based on Jakarta and should be used as soon as you switch your applications to this technology.

This change is already in our documentation and in our quickstart repository. For more information, please consider looking at the following references:

* link:https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-quickstarts[Keycloak Quickstart GitHub Repository]
* link:https://www.keycloak.org/docs/latest/securing_apps/[Keycloak Securing Applications Documentation]

If you cannot migrate your applications to Jakarta, you can still use the "legacy" SAML JEE adapter and still
be able to integrate with future releases of the server. However, consider upgrading your applications as soon as possible
because we are no longer providing support to JEE.
