Red Hat JBoss Middleware for OpenShift images are pulled on demand from the secured Red Hat Registry: link:https://access.redhat.com/containers/[registry.redhat.io], which requires authentication. To retrieve content, you will need to log into the registry using the Red Hat account.
To consume container images from *_registry.redhat.io_* in shared environments such as OpenShift, it is recommended for an administrator to use a Registry Service Account, also referred to as authentication tokens, in place of an individual person's Red Hat Customer Portal credentials.
To create a Registry Service Account, navigate to the link:https://access.redhat.com/terms-based-registry/[Registry Service Account Management Application], and log in if necessary.
. From the *_Registry Service Accounts_* page, click *_Create Service Account_*.
. Provide a name for the Service Account, for example *_registry.redhat.io-sa_*. It will be prepended with a fixed, random string.
.. Enter a description for the Service Account, for example *_Service account to consume container images from registry.redhat.io._*.
.. Click *_Create_*.
. After the Service Account was created, click the *_registry.redhat.io-sa_* link in the *_Account name_* column of the table presented on the *_Registry Service Accounts_* page.
. Finally, click the *_OpenShift Secret_* tab, and perform all steps listed on that page.
See the link:https://access.redhat.com/RegistryAuthentication[Red Hat Container Registry Authentication] article for more information.
====
To update to the latest {project_openshift_product_name} images, run the following commands:
. On your master host(s), ensure that you are logged in as a cluster administrator or a user with project administrator access to the global `openshift` project.
These keystores are expected by the {project_openshift_product_name} image, even if the application uses only http on a single-node OpenShift instance. Self-signed certificates do not provide secure communication and are intended for internal testing purposes.
For production environments Red Hat recommends that you use your own SSL certificate purchased from a verified Certificate Authority (CA) for SSL-encrypted connections (HTTPS).
See the https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/jboss_enterprise_application_platform/6.1/html-single/security_guide/index#Generate_a_SSL_Encryption_Key_and_Certificate[JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Security Guide] for more information on how to create a keystore with self-signed or purchased SSL certificates.
==== Generating Secrets
OpenShift uses objects called `Secrets` to hold sensitive information, such as passwords or keystores. See the https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/openshift_enterprise/3.2/html-single/developer_guide/index#dev-guide-secrets[Secrets chapter] in the OpenShift documentation for more information.
The {project_openshift_product_name} image requires one or more secrets that hold the two keystores described earlier. This provides the necessary authorization to applications in the project.
$ oc secret new <pass:quotes[_sso-ssl-secret_]> <pass:quotes[_ssl.jks_]>
$ oc secret new <pass:quotes[_sso-jgroups-secret_]> <pass:quotes[_jgroups.jceks_]>
----
////
==== Creating the Service Account
Service accounts are API objects that exist within each project and allow users to associate certain secrets and roles with applications in a project namespace. This provides the application with the necessary authorization to run with all required privileges.
The service account that you create must be configured with the correct permissions to view pods in Kubernetes. This is required in order for clustering with the {project_openshift_product_name} image to work. You can view the top of the log files to see whether the correct service account permissions have been configured.
. Add the *view* role to the service account. This enables the service account to view all the resources in the application namespace in OpenShift, which is necessary for managing the cluster.
{project_name} does not provide any pre-configured management account out of the box. This administrator account is necessary for logging into the `master` realm's management console and perform server maintenance operations such as, creating realms or users, or registering applications intended to be secured by {project_name}.
* By providing values for the xref:sso-admin-template-parameters[*_SSO_ADMIN_USERNAME_* and *_SSO_ADMIN_PASSWORD_* parameters], when deploying the {project_name} application template, or
* By xref:sso-admin-remote-shell[a remote shell session to particular {project_name} pod], if the {project_openshift_product_name} image is deployed without an application template.
{project_name} allows an initial administrator account creation via the link:https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_single_sign-on/7.2/html-single/getting_started_guide/#creating_the_admin_account[Welcome Page] web form. But only if the `Welcome Page` is accessed from a localhost, this method of administrator account creation is not applicable for {project_openshift_product_name} image.
When deploying {project_name} application template, *_SSO_ADMIN_USERNAME_* and *_SSO_ADMIN_PASSWORD_* parameters denote the username and password of the {project_name} server's administrator account to be created for the `master` realm.
*Both of these parameters are required.* If not specified, they are auto generated and displayed as an OpenShift instructional message when the template is instantiated.
The lifespan of the {project_name} server's administrator account depends upon the the storage type used to store the {project_name} server's database:
* For an in-memory database mode (*_{project_templates_version}-https_* and *_{project_templates_version}-x509-https_* templates) the account exist throughout the lifecycle of the particular {project_name} pod (stored account data is lost upon pod destruction),
* For an ephemeral database mode (*_{project_templates_version}-mysql_* and *_{project_templates_version}-postgresql_* templates) the account exist throughout the lifecycle of the database pod (even if {project_name} pod is destructed, the stored account data is preserved under the assumption that the database pod is still running),
* For persistent database mode (*_{project_templates_version}-mysql-persistent_*, *_{project_templates_version}-x509-mysql-persistent_*, *_{project_templates_version}-postgresql-persistent_*, and *_{project_templates_version}-x509-postgresql-persistent_* templates) the account exists throughout the lifecycle of the persistent medium used to hold the database data. This means that the stored account data is preserved even when both, the {project_name} and the database pods are destructed.
It is a common practice to deploy an {project_name} application template to get the corresponding OpenShift deployment config for the application, and then reuse that deployment config multiple times (every time a new {project_name} application needs to be instantiated).
In the case of *ephemeral or persistent database mode*, after creating the RH_SSO server's administrator account, remove the *_SSO_ADMIN_USERNAME_* and *_SSO_ADMIN_PASSWORD_* variables from the deployment config before deploying new {project_name} applications.
Run the following commands to prepare the previously created deployment config of the {project_name} application for reuse after the administrator account has been created:
Run following commands to create administrator account for the `master` realm of the {project_name} server, when deploying the {project_openshift_product_name} image directly from the image stream (without the xref:../introduction/introduction.adoc#sso-templates[template]), after the {project_name} application pod has been started:
Added 'sso_admin' to '/opt/eap/standalone/configuration/keycloak-add-user.json', restart server to load user
----
+
[NOTE]
====
The `sso_admin`/`sso_password` credentials in the example above are for demonstration purposes only. Refer to the password policy applicable within your organization for guidance on how to create a secure user name and password.
====
. Restart the underlying JBoss EAP server instance to load the newly added user account. Wait for the server to restart properly.
When restarting the server it is important to restart just the JBoss EAP process within the running {project_name} container, and not the whole container. Because restarting the whole container recreates it from scratch, without the {project_name} server administration account for the `master` realm to be created.
. Log into the `master` realm's administration console of the {project_name} server using the the credentials created in the steps above. In the browser, navigate to *\http://sso-<project-name>.<hostname>/auth/admin* for the {project_name} web server, or to *\https://secure-sso-<project-name>.<hostname>/auth/admin* for the encrypted {project_name} web server, and specify user name and password used to create the administrator user.
. Click *Add to project* to list the default image streams and templates.
. Use the *Filter by keyword* search bar to limit the list to those that match _sso_. You may need to click *See all* to show the desired application template.
. Select an application template and configure the deployment parameters as required.
. Click *Create* to deploy the application template.
|Username of the administrator account for the `master` realm of the {project_name} server. *Required.* If no value is specified, it is auto generated and displayed as an OpenShift instructional message when the template is instantiated.
|Password of the administrator account for the `master` realm of the {project_name} server. *Required.* If no value is specified, it is auto generated and displayed as an OpenShift instructional message when the template is instantiated.
See the xref:env_vars[Reference chapter] for a more comprehensive list of the {project_name} environment variables.
See the xref:Example-Deploying-SSO[Example Workflow: Preparing and Deploying the {project_openshift_product_name} Image] for an end-to-end example of {project_name} deployment.
The {project_openshift_product_name} templates use TLS passthrough termination for routes by default. This means that the destination route receives encrypted traffic without the OpenShift router providing TLS termination. Users do not need the relevant SSL certificate to connect to the {project_name} login page.
For more information on OpenShift route types, see the link:https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/3.7/architecture/networking/routes.html#route-types[Networking chapter] of the OpenShift Architecture Guide.
Once deployed, the *_{project_templates_version}-https_* and *_{project_templates_version}-x509-https_* templates create a single pod that contains both the database and the {project_name} servers. The *_{project_templates_version}-mysql_*, *_{project_templates_version}-mysql-persistent_*, *_{project_templates_version}-x509-mysql-persistent_*, *_{project_templates_version}-postgresql_*, *_{project_templates_version}-postgresql-persistent_*, and *_{project_templates_version}-x509-postgresql-persistent_* templates create two pods, one for the database server and one for the {project_name} web server.
Use the xref:../get_started/get_started.adoc#sso-administrator-setup[administrator user credentials] to log in into the `master` realm’s administration console.
Clients are {project_name} entities that request user authentication. A client can be an application requesting {project_name} to provide user authentication, or it can be making requests for access tokens to start services on behalf of an authenticated user. See the link:https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_single_sign-on/7.2/html/server_administration_guide/clients[Managing Clients chapter of the {project_name} documentation] for more information.
OpenID-Connect is the preferred protocol and utilizes three different access types:
- *public*: Useful for JavaScript applications that run directly in the browser and require no server configuration.
- *confidential*: Useful for server-side clients, such as EAP web applications, that need to perform a browser login.
- *bearer-only*: Useful for back-end services that allow bearer token requests.
It is required to specify the client type in the *<auth-method>* key of the application *web.xml* file. This file is read by the image at deployment. Set the value of *<auth-method>* element to:
* *KEYCLOAK* for the OpenID Connect client.
* *KEYCLOAK-SAML* for the SAML client.
The following is an example snippet for the application *web.xml* to configure an OIDC client:
==== Automatic and Manual {project_name} Client Registration Methods
A client application can be automatically registered to an {project_name} realm by using credentials passed in variables specific to the *_eap64-sso-s2i_*, *_eap71-sso-s2i_*, and *_datavirt63-secure-s2i_* templates.
Alternatively, you can manually register the client application by configuring and exporting the {project_name} client adapter and including it in the client application configuration.
Automatic {project_name} client registration is determined by {project_name} environment variables specific to the *_eap64-sso-s2i_*, *_eap71-sso-s2i_*, and *_datavirt63-secure-s2i_* templates. The {project_name} credentials supplied in the template are then used to register the client to the {project_name} realm during deployment of the client application.
See xref:Example-EAP-Auto[Example Workflow: Automatically Registering EAP Application in {project_name} with OpenID-Connect Client] for an end-to-end example of the automatic client registration method using an OpenID-Connect client.
Manual {project_name} client registration is determined by the presence of a deployment file in the client application's _../configuration/_ directory. These files are exported from the client adapter in the {project_name} web console. The name of this file is different for OpenID-Connect and SAML clients:
* Modify the deployment file to contain the {project_name} adapter configuration so that it is included in the _standalone-openshift.xml_ file at deployment, or
See xref:Example-EAP-Manual[Example Workflow: Manually Configure an Application to Use {project_name} Authentication, Using SAML Client] for an end-to-end example of the manual {project_name} client registration method using a SAML client.
OpenShift does not currently accept OpenShift role mapping from external providers. If {project_name} is used as an authentication gateway for OpenShift, users created in {project_name} must have the roles added using the OpenShift Administrator `oadm policy` command.
To deploy existing applications on OpenShift, you can use the link:https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/latest/dev_guide/builds/build_inputs.html#binary-source[binary source] capability.
The following example uses both link:https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-quickstarts/tree/latest/app-jee-jsp[app-jee-jsp] and link:https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-quickstarts/tree/latest/service-jee-jaxrs[service-jee-jaxrs] quickstarts to deploy EAP 6.4 / 7.1 JSP service application that authenticates using the {project_name}.
This guide assumes the {project_openshift_product_name} image has been previously link:https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_jboss_middleware_for_openshift/3/html-single/red_hat_single_sign-on_for_openshift/index#Example-Deploying-SSO[deployed using one of the following templates:]
The EAP 6.4 / 7.1 JSP service application requires dedicated {project_name} realm, username, and password to be able to authenticate using {project_name}. Perform the following steps after the {project_openshift_product_name} image has been deployed:
The {project_openshift_product_name} image version {project_version} generates multiple keys by default, for example *HS256*, *RS256*, or *AES*. To copy the public key information for the {project_openshift_product_name} {project_version} image, click the *Keys* tab, then select *Active* tab, and click the *Public key* button of that row in the keys table, where type of the key matches *RSA*. Then select and copy the content of the pop-up window that appears.
The information about the public key is necessary xref:sso-public-key-details[later to deploy] the {project_name}-enabled EAP 6.4 / 7.1 JSP application.
The link:https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-quickstarts/tree/latest/service-jee-jaxrs[service-jee-jaxrs] quickstart exposes three endpoints by the service:
* `public` - Requires no authentication.
* `secured` - Can be invoked by users with the `user` role.
* `admin` - Can be invoked by users with the `admin` role.
Create `user` and `admin` roles in {project_name}. These roles will be assigned to an {project_name} application user to authenticate access to user applications.
. Click *Users* in the *Manage* sidebar to view the user information for the realm.
. Click *Add User.*
. Enter a valid *Username* (this example uses the user `appuser`) and click *Save*.
. Edit the user configuration:
.. Click the *Credentials* tab in the user space and enter a password for the user (this example uses the password `apppassword`).
.. Ensure the *Temporary Password* option is set to *Off* so that it does not prompt for a password change later on, and click *Reset Password* to set the user password. A pop-up window prompts for additional confirmation.
. Click *Role Mappings* to list the realm and client role configuration. In *Available Roles*, select the `user` role created earlier, and click *Add selected>*.
. Click *Client Roles*, select *realm-management* entry from the list, select each record in the *Available Roles* list.
+
[NOTE]
====
You can select multiple items at once by holding the *Ctrl* key and simultaneously clicking the first `impersonation` entry. While keeping the *Ctrl* key and the left mouse button pressed, move to the end of the list to the `view-clients` entry and ensure each record is selected.
====
. Click *Add selected>* to assign the roles to the client.
. Add the `view` role to the link:https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/latest/dev_guide/service_accounts.html#default-service-accounts-and-roles[`default`] service account. This enables the service account to view all the resources in the `eap-app-demo` namespace, which is necessary for managing the cluster.
. The EAP template requires an link:https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_jboss_middleware_for_openshift/3/html-single/red_hat_single_sign-on_for_openshift/index#Configuring-Keystores[SSL keystore and a JGroups keystore]. This example uses `keytool`, a package included with the Java Development Kit, to generate self-signed certificates for these keystores.
.. Generate a secure key for the SSL keystore (this example uses `password` as password for the keystore).
$ oc secret new eap-jgroup-secret eapjgroups.jceks
----
.. Add the EAP application secret to the link:https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/latest/dev_guide/service_accounts.html#default-service-accounts-and-roles[`default`] service account.
. link:https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_jboss_enterprise_application_platform/7.1/html-single/development_guide/#use_the_maven_repository[Configure] the link:https://access.redhat.com/maven-repository[Red Hat JBoss Middleware Maven repository].
. Build both the link:https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-quickstarts/tree/latest/service-jee-jaxrs[service-jee-jaxrs] and link:https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-quickstarts/tree/latest/app-jee-jsp[app-jee-jsp] applications.
The link:https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak-quickstarts/tree/latest/app-jee-jsp[app-jee-jsp] quickstart requires to configure the adapter, and adapter configuration file (`keycloak.json`) to be present at the `config/` directory in the root of the quickstart to successfully build the quickstart. But since this example configures the adapter later via selected environment variables available for the EAP 6.4 / 7.1 for OpenShift image, it is not necessary to specify the form of `keycloak.json` adapter configuration file at this moment.
. Prepare the directory structure on the local file system.
+
Application archives in the *deployments/* subdirectory of the main binary build directory are copied directly to the xref:standard-deployments-directory[standard deployments directory] of the image being built on OpenShift. For the application to deploy, the directory hierarchy containing the web application data must be correctly structured.
+
Create main directory for the binary build on the local file system and *deployments/* subdirectory within it. Copy the previously built WAR archives of both the *service-jee-jaxrs* and *app-jee-jsp* quickstarts to the *deployments/* subdirectory:
Replace `--image-stream=jboss-eap71-openshift` parameter with the `--image-stream=jboss-eap64-openshift` one in the following oc command to deploy the JSP application on top of JBoss EAP 6.4 for OpenShift image.
* A source build using binary input will be created
* The resulting image will be pushed to image stream "eap-app:latest"
* A binary build was created, use 'start-build --from-dir' to trigger a new build
--> Creating resources with label build=eap-app ...
imagestream "eap-app" created
buildconfig "eap-app" created
--> Success
----
. Start the binary build. Instruct `oc` executable to use main directory of the binary build we created xref:directory-structure-binary-builds[in previous step] as the directory containing binary input for the OpenShift build. In the working directory of *app-jee-jsp* issue the following command.
Ensure to replace the value of *_SSO_PUBLIC_KEY_* variable below with the actual content of the RSA public key for the `demo` realm, that has been xref:copy-rsa-public-key[copied].
Access the application in your browser using the URL *\http://eap-app-eap-app-demo.openshift.example.com/app-jsp*. You should see output like on the following image:
Specify username and password of the {project_name} user configured earlier (`appuser` / `apppassword`). Click *Log in*. The look of the application changes as detailed in the following image:
The `admin` endpoint requires users with `admin` {project_name} role to invoke properly. Access for the `appuser` is forbidden because they only have `user` role privilege, which allows them to access the `secured` endpoint.
